Super Mario 64 Becomes the First Video Game to Break One Million Dollars at Auction

An itchy trigger finger might win you plenty of Yellow Coins or Hylian Rupees, but in the real world if you want some of that cold hard cash, better to hold off with all of those video games. Sealed copies of old cartridge classics are earning record sums at auction.

In the space of a few days, the record sum for a video game collectible has been shattered twice at auction, with bidding for the first time stretching into the millions of dollars. On Friday, a sealed cartridge of The Legend of Zelda sold for $870,000, blowing past the previous record of $660,000 set for a copy of Super Mario Bros. back in April. Then on Sunday, as the auction bonanza reached an unexpected climax, a sealed copy of Super Mario 64 sold for a whopping $1.56 million.

Retro video games are graded on the Wata scale, with experts evaluating the condition of their packaging and contents. The copy of The Legend of Zelda received a rating of 9.0 A, indicating a seal of above average condition, perhaps with light signs of scuffing. The value of this particular cartridge however lay in its rarity, as part of an early production run when the game was released to American and European audiences in 1987.

The first game in the iconic action adventure series, set in the fantasy land of Hyrule and starring the elfin protagonist Link, eventually The Legend of Zelda would sell over 6.5 million copies. Alongside Super Mario Bros., the original Zelda proved pivotal to the success of the Nintendo Entertainment System.

According to Heritage Auctions, who handled both sales, the rare copy of The Legend of Zelda was ‘the earliest sealed copy one could realistically hope to obtain’. In an effusive listing, the Dallas-based auction house called the ‘No Rev-A’ cartridge ‘the apotheosis of rarity, cultural significance, and collection centerpieces’. In short, for hardened video game collectors, this version of Zelda was a holy grail.

By contrast the record-setting copy of Super Mario 64 was graded 9.8 A++ by the experts at Wata, indicating near perfect condition. But the game itself, which saw Mario transition to three dimensions from its roots as a side-scrolling platformer, is not especially rare as many sealed copies date back to the time of its release in 1996.

Super Mario 64 was a groundbreaking game for Nintendo, and a benchmark in early 3D video gaming featuring a dynamic camera system and full 360-degree analogue control. Still as the first video game cartridge to sell for more than one million dollars, the extraordinary price jump has been met with some scepticism by long-time auction watchers and video game experts.

The 400 Metre Hurdles Has a Moment in the Sun, as Athletics Gears Up for the Tokyo Olympics

Anything you can do, I can do better has been the ethos at the start of the outdoor athletics season. With the Tokyo Olympics fast approaching, the stars who were left spinning their wheels last summer have rolled out of the starting blocks to set a host of historic times on the track.

When Sifan Hassan shattered the 10,000 metre world record last month in Hengelo, the new benchmark stood for just 48 hours. Hassan had knocked more than ten seconds off the previous best set by Almaz Ayana, but on the same track a couple of days later – boasting the same Wavelight pacemaking technology, clad in the same Nike ZoomX Dragonfly spikes – Letesenbet Gidey went five seconds faster, racing home in a new record time of 29:01.03 to lead the Ethiopian trials.

Her efforts over the longer distance opened up the 5000 metres, with Gudaf Tsegay scoring the fifth-fastest time in history ahead of Ejgayehu Taye and Senbere Teferi, who placed sixth and seventh on the all-time list. For the first time three women in the same race had gone under 14 minutes and 20 seconds. But while the likes of Joshua Cheptegei, Beatrice Chepkoech, Gidey, Tsegay, and Hassan vie for record times in the long distance disciplines, star athletes are also breaking boundaries in the sprints.

As the highly competitive American trials reached a climax, at the end of another day of lung-sapping Oregonian heat, the 21-year-old Sydney McLaughlin set a new world record in the 400 metre hurdles. Already one of the faces of athletics, McLaughlin kicked past the reigning world record holder Dalilah Muhammad in the straight to become the first woman to complete the race in under 52 seconds, finishing in a time of 51.90.

The weekend saw record temperatures and race postponements in the athletics bastion of Eugene, with the heat reaching a staggering high of 43 degrees Celsius. A day earlier on the track, Grant Holloway and Rai Benjamin had come within whiskers of world records in the 110 metre hurdles and 400 metre hurdles, with Gabby Thomas in the 200 metres also winding up second on the all-time list. Winning her trial in a time of 21.61, Thomas surpassed the likes of Marion Jones, Dafne Schippers, and Merlene Ottey in the history books, though she remains some way short of the apparently insurmountable record set by Florence Griffith-Joyner back in 1988.

The 400 metre hurdles is having a moment in the sun. Not to be outdone, in Oslo at the Bislett Games on Thursday night, the home favourite Karsten Warholm finally grabbed that elusive world record with a time of 46.70 over the distance, bettering the mark of 46.78 set by Kevin Young all the way back in 1992. Warholm and Rai Benjamin have been locked in battle over the record ever since both men broke 47 seconds in 2019. Speaking prior to the race in Oslo, Warholm had said:

‘Your competitors are what really push you towards bigger things. If it was only me running quick times, I wouldn’t need to push it any further, but with people there running fast times, I need to take a step up as well.’

At the Diamond League meet in Oslo, the Svein Arne Hansen Dream Mile stood as a fitting prelude to Warholm’s hurdle heroics. In the penultimate event on the track, Stewart McSweyn of Australia established a new area record, pressing ahead of Marcin Lewandowski who still managed a Polish record in second place.

Over 3000 metres, Yomif Kejelcha stretched the field almost to breaking point. Kejelcha – who trains alongside Sifan Hassan in the United States – led from the front to register a world-leading time of 7:26.25, enough to place the Ethiopian athlete seventh on the all-time list. In the end his hard work paid off for the rest of the field, as the first eight competitors all came away with new personal bests.

It was a similar story over 5000 metres, as the reigning world champion Hellen Obiri held off a stern challenge from Fantu Worku to head a slew of fast times and personal bests. Eilish McColgan managed to stick with the leading pack of Obiri, Worku, and Margaret Chelimo Kipkemboi, with her reward a new British record as the Scot bettered a mark set by Paula Radcliffe.

Many of the athletes who competed in Oslo made the short trip over to Stockholm, where the Diamond League season continued on Sunday afternoon. In the field Armand Duplantis set back-to-back meeting records, with vaults of 6.01 in Oslo then 6.02 in front of an enthusiastic home crowd. Sam Kendricks and Renaud Lavillenie finished in second and third on both occasions, their vaults of 5.92 in Stockholm serving as new season’s bests.

Daniel Ståhl, the other giant of Swedish athletics, dominated in the discus with one quirk. Despite throwing almost two metres further than Kristjan Čeh over the first five rounds in Oslo, in the winner-takes-all sixth round both men could only muster a fairly mediocre 65.72. After some confusion, Ståhl was awarded the victory based on his earlier throws.

Malaika Mihambo fell victim to the new sixth round format in Stockholm, after Oslo saw the rangy German long jumper ease to success. Instead in Stockholm it was Ivana Španović who came out ahead, as Mihambo’s jump of 7.02 in the third round counted for naught come the climax, which the tough Serbian competitor won with a season’s best of 6.88.

Grizzled veterans and aspiring youngsters alike were also rounding into form on the track. The 21-year-old Dutch star Femke Bol was first up in Oslo, and set a new national record in the 400 metre hurdles with a time of 53.33. Bol however is improving with every meet, and her Olympic prospects looked rosier still following her race in Stockholm on Sunday, where she held off the challenge from Shamier Little to smash her own national record in a time of 52.37. The run wedges Bol neatly between Sydney McLaughlin and Dalilah Muhammad, in second place on the world list.

The ever-present Ivorian sprinter Marie-Josée Ta Lou, now 32 years old, showed that she too will remain in medal contention come the Tokyo Olympics. In Oslo she came through over 100 metres with a winning time of 10.91, and in the 200 metres in Stockholm she recorded another season’s best even as she narrowly lost out to Shericka Jackson.

If Gabby Thomas appears to have the edge in the 200 metres following her historic time in Oregon, she will face stern competition from the Jamaican trio of Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, Shericka Jackson, and Elaine Thompson-Herah, who looked impressive as they competed in their closely contested national trials.

The result was the same over 100 metres and 200 metres in Kingston, with Fraser-Pryce holding off Jackson while Thompson-Herah finished third. Jackson ran a personal best of 10.77 in the semi-finals of the 100 metres, and backed that up with a personal best of 21.82 in the final of the 200 metres, but her stellar form still wasn’t enough. Fraser-Pryce secured an expected victory over 100 metres, sprinting home in a time of 10.71. But it was in the 200 metres that the diminutive Jamaican truly excelled, knocking a whopping 0.30 off her previous best to win the race in a time of 21.79. Fraser-Pryce said:

‘I never ever doubted myself because everything has to do with time and being patient. I’m just elated that I was finally able to break the 22 seconds.’

Over 200 metres, Fraser-Pryce and Jackson will vie for Olympic gold with Gabby Thomas, Shaunae Miller-Uibo, and Dina Asher-Smith. Thompson-Herah, a double sprint champion at the Rio Olympics in 2016, may find better prospects over 100 metres, where Jackson, Asher-Smith, and Ta Lou are strong medal shouts even as Fraser-Pryce heads to Tokyo as the firm favourite.

That status was thrown into sharp relief over the weekend, as the major breaking story in track and field revolved around a positive marijuana test by Sha’Carri Richardson. In her breakthrough season on the track, Richardson registered the sixth-fastest run of all-time over 100 metres, clocking 10.72 in Florida back in April. She backed that up with victory over 100 metres at the American trials, and seemed set to head to Tokyo as the second-fastest woman in the world this year, behind only Fraser-Pryce who registered 10.63 last month in Kingston.

Instead on Friday the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced that Richardson had recorded a positive marijuana test during the course of the trials. According to World Anti-Doping Agency rules, the use of marijuana is prohibited during competition periods, with violations carrying a minimum one-month ban if athletes complete a program for substance abuse and prove that their use of the drug was recreational. The likely one-month ban for Richardson would render her ineligible for the solo sprints at the Tokyo Olympics.

Richardson hinted at the impending announcement with a cryptic tweet on Thursday night which read ‘I am human’. On The Today Show on NBC on Friday morning, she apologised to her supporters while providing some of the context around her actions. Richardson explained that she had been informed of the death of her biological mother during the trials, describing a state of ’emotional panic’ and adding:

‘I was definitely triggered and blinded by emotions, blinded by badness, and hurting, and hiding hurt. I know I can’t hide myself, so in some type of way, I was trying to hide my pain.’

Athletics bans for marijuana consumption increasingly seem like an anachronism, and Richardson was no doubt stricken with grief. The bottom line for track and field however is that the Tokyo Olympics has lost one of its star names, while Richardson has denied herself of the opportunity to prove her talents outside the provincial backwaters of the United States.

Also at the American trials, Trayvon Bromell and Noah Lyles looked strong in the sprints, while Allyson Felix qualified for her fifth Olympic Games at the tender age of 35 following a second-placed finish over 400 metres. The sparkle wasn’t just confined to the track, with the standout performance of the trials coming courtesy of Ryan Crouser, who broke a 31-year world record in the shot with a throw of 23.37. DeAnna Price moved to second on the all-time list in the hammer, and Katie Nageotte moved up to joint third in the pole vault with a world lead and personal best of 4.95.

While the women were excelling in the sprints, there was misfortune for Omar McLeod in Kingston. The reigning Olympic champion in the 110 metre hurdles suffered from cramp and clattered the barriers at the Jamaican trials, finishing last to miss out on the trip to Tokyo. Jamaican hopes in the event will rest instead on the shoulders of Ronald Levy.

In Oslo, the American Kate Grace ran a personal best over 800 metres, small solace perhaps after finishing seventh at the American trials, where Raevyn Rogers and Ajeé Wilson trailed the blistering 19-year-old Athing Mu. In Stockholm there was a return to winning ways for Timothy Cheruiyot over 1500 metres, while Rose Mary Almanza edged the 800 metres in a new meeting record and personal best.

Alison dos Santos kept his name in contention in the 400 metre hurdles, as the Brazilian athlete achieved a new area record with a time of 47.34. Yaroslava Mahuchikh managed a world leading height in the high jump, the Ukrainian soaring clear of 2.03 on her third attempt. Ronnie Baker, Kirani James, and Hyvin Kiyeng won their respective races out on track, while Tajay Gayle went deep into the sandpit with a leap of 8.55 in a wind-assisted long jump.

The qualification period for the Tokyo Olympics drew to a close this week, with competition scheduled to start on 31 July in the Japanese capital. In the meantime the top athletes will head to Hungary on Tuesday night for the star-studded Gyulai István Memorial, with Diamond League meets in Monaco and Gateshead serving as preludes to the Olympics.

Joni Mitchell’s Blue Turns Fifty

Blue by Joni Mitchell found the artist at an emotional and creative crossroads, a rare instance of the truly, vividly, and sometimes keeningly personal culminating in renewed commercial success. The record stands at a midpoint between her early sixties-infused folk stylings, which often featured and sometimes figured Crosby, Stills & Nash, and the freeform jazz experiments which would eventually see her collaborate with the likes of Jaco Pastorius, Charles Mingus, and Herbie Hancock.

Less ornate than Ladies of the Canyon, less austere than For the Roses, on Blue Joni Mitchell found her footing at some remove from the madding crowd. She had taken a break from performing and travelled across Europe, with Paris stirring up reflections on her adopted hometown of California, while in Crete and the Balearic Islands she contemplated her frictious relationships with James Taylor and Graham Nash.

Over intricately plucked Appalachian dulcimer and roiling piano, her voice already beginning to age like fine wine, sounding rich and full and deep, Mitchell relayed personal anecdotes covering her adventures among the cave-dwelling hippies of Matala, pored over her relationships with a prescient sense of absence and loss, and with one of her most cryptic yet intimate lyrics summoned the spirit of the daughter she had given up for adoption.

Critically acclaimed upon its release in the summer of 1971, today Blue is routinely listed among the greatest albums of all time. In 2000, The New York Times selected Blue as one of the 25 albums which represented ‘turning points and pinnacles in 20th-century popular music’, and in 2017, Blue was chosen by National Public Radio as the greatest album ever recorded by a woman.

Now the fiftieth anniversary of the record has brought fresh tributes: from long-form pieces on the musical accomplishment of the album, likening its structure to Kind of Blue by the jazz icon Miles Davis, to reviews and appreciations from some of Mitchell’s fellow artists, including David Crosby, James Taylor, and Graham Nash.

Joni even opened up on the state of her singing voice and discussed the enduring legacy of the album, in a rare new interview for the Los Angeles Times with the film director Cameron Crowe. And on Wednesday she thanked her fans for all of the positive attention in a short clip posted via Instagram.

The fiftieth anniversary of Blue arrives alongside a new extended play, which features the late outtake ‘Hunter’ plus alternates and demo versions of ‘River’, ‘Urge for Going’, ‘California’, and ‘A Case of You’. A five-disc box set is scheduled for October, exhuming home recordings and old live performances, including sets in London, New York City, and an Ottawa coffee house which the guitar legend Jimi Hendrix captured using his portable reel-to-reel.

Ons Jabeur Becomes the First Arab Woman to Win a WTA Title

On Sunday afternoon Ons Jabeur defeated Daria Kasatkina 7-5, 6-4 in the final of the Birmingham Classic, becoming the first Arab woman in the history of professional tennis to lay claim to a WTA title.

Years of slow and steady progression culminated in a breakthrough for the Tunisian at the Australian Open in 2020. Victories over Johanna Konta, Caroline Garcia, and Caroline Wozniacki in the Dane’s last match made Jabeur the first Arab woman to reach the quarter-finals of a Grand Slam. She entered the top fifty of the WTA rankings, and has become one of the fixtures of the women’s tour.

After a fourth-round showing at the French Open, Jabeur entered the Birmingham Classic with her highest ranking to date at number 24 in the world. She had twice reached the final of WTA tournaments, losing out to Kasatkina in Moscow in 2018, then to Astra Sharma in Charleston earlier this year. In Moscow she had been a set and a break up before losing in three sets, but on Sunday in Birmingham she held her nerve. Jabeur said:

‘I knew I had to go for it, I had to win this title to at least breathe, and give an example. There’s not a lot of Tunisian or Arabic players playing, so I hope this could inspire them. I want to see more Arabic and Tunisians playing with me on tour.’

The women of the Birmingham Classic were shaking off the red clay from Roland Garros, and stepping out onto grass in preparation for Wimbledon. Jabeur was the only woman in the draw who made it to the second week in France, and was seeded second behind Elise Mertens. Instead it was a resurgent Kasatkina and qualifier CoCo Vandeweghe who came through in the top half of the draw, with Vandeweghe reaching her first singles semi-final in three years after being blighted by injury. Kasatkina emerged unscathed from their match, winning 6-2, 6-4 to progress to the final.

In the bottom half of the draw, Jabeur survived a scare up against the 18-year-old Canadian Leylah Annie Fernandez, while third seed Donna Vekić fought back in three sets versus Camila Giorgi only to succumb to Heather Watson in the quarter-finals. An impressive showing from Watson, the local favourite, drew to a close in the semis as Jabeur prevailed 6-3, 6-3.

The run in Birmingham put Jabeur level with world number one Ash Barty on 28 wins so far this year. Her historic triumph was lauded by some big names within the sport and by political and cultural figures from her home country of Tunisia.

The Birmingham Classic skipped a year owing to the coronavirus pandemic. When the event was last held in 2019, the winner was Ash Barty, whose victory saw her ascend for the first time to number one in the world. This year Barty had hoped to compete at the German Open in Berlin, but injury forced her withdrawal before the start of the tournament.

In Berlin a strong field included Aryna Sabalenka, Elina Svitolina, Bianca Andreescu, Karolína Plíšková, Garbiñe Muguruza, Victoria Azarenka, and Madison Keys. Yet it was the young Russian qualifier Liudmila Samsonova who emerged as the surprise victor, dispatching Keys and Azarenka before defeating the fifth seed Belinda Bencic in the final 1-6, 6-1, 6-3.

The Quechua Reweave the Last Inca Rope Bridge in Peru

In the second week of June, residents of Quehue District in Canas Province in Peru come together to repair Queshuachaca, the last remaining Inca rope bridge, which has spanned the Apurímac River for more than 500 years.

Cutting a swathe through gorges and canyons which reach depths of up to 3,000 metres, around 730 kilometres in length and dotted with rapids and falls, the Apurímac River stood between the Incas and the Pacific Coast. In the thirteenth century, the Incas began to construct suspension bridges over the Apurímac, with one famous example purportedly the inspiration for the novel The Bridge of San Luis Fey by Thornton Wilder, following an illustration by E. G. Squier.

Traditionally constructed from the ichu grass endemic to the region, today the restoration of Queshuachaca serves as a tribute to ancestors while breathing fresh life into old skills.The work lasts for three days and survives as a communal effort, from the cutting and twisting of straw and the preparation of mats for decking to the braiding and hanging of ropes. Most of the residents of Canas Province are indigenous people of Quechua descent.

For many years, Victoriano Arizapana has led the annual rebuilding project, having learned the craft from his father and grandfather. The knowledge and skills required for the restoration of Queshuachaca were classified an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2013, while in 2015 Arizapana and some of his fellow builders were celebrated at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival in Washington, D.C.

Last year the repair of Queshuachaca was put on hold owing to the coronavirus pandemic, and in March the bridge collapsed. But this year the local Huinchiri, Chaupibanda, Choccayhua, and Ccollana Quehue communities have been back in action, putting old skills to good use. Groups of workers started from both sides of the 98-foot pass, balancing precariously on a main rope which stretched out 60 feet above the river rapids. Working in tandem they progressed gradually towards the middle, stringing together the handrail and padding out the walkway floor.

Regional governor Jean Paul Benavente said:

‘Last year because of the pandemic, it wasn’t strengthened. That is why at the beginning of this year the bridge fell. But now it is like an answer to the pandemic itself. From the depths of the Peruvian Andean identity, this bridge is strung up across the Apurímac basin and we can tell the world that we are coming out if this little by little.’

Canas Province lies in the southern highlands of Peru, in the Cusco region which was once the social and political heartland of the Inca Empire. The city of Cusco is a World Heritage Site which attracts millions of visitors each year, and intrepid travellers plus waifs and strays have increasingly been making their way to Queshuachaca.

Once these swaying rope bridges transported llama and chasqui runners, the agile young messengers of the Inca Empire, with construction a matter of obligation and tampering even punishable by death. Now the restoration of Queshuachaca is a local celebration and a spiritual endeavour, boosting tourism while the Quechua commune with the land and pay homage to the past.

Ned Beatty, Deliverance, Nashville, and Network Actor, Dies at the Age of 83

The actor Ned Beatty died of natural causes on Sunday at the age of 83 years old. A prolific character actor who scarcely left an audience untouched over his four decades on screen, Beatty is best remembered for a series of films which continue to define American cultural life and the shifting cinematic landscape of the seventies. Between 1972 and 1976, he starred in Deliverance, Nashville, All the President’s Men, and Network which all received Best Picture nominations at the Academy Awards.

A singer in gospel and barbershop quartets in his youth, Beatty spent more than a decade working in the theatre in Washington and around his hometown of Louisville, Kentucky before getting his big break on screen. That came with Deliverance in 1972, a runaway thriller about a canoe trip gone awry, which shocked audiences through its graphic depiction of the rape of a novice hunter played by Beatty.

In Robert Altman’s musical comedy Nashville, Beatty played the lecherous lawyer Del Reese with an air of quiet desperation. In All the President’s Men he portrayed the Floridian investigator Martin Dardis, who exposed a crucial link between the Watergate burglars and the campaign to reelect President Nixon. And in the satirical drama Network he found the splendour in Paddy Chayefsky’s script, with a scabrous performance as a communications executive forced to explain the corporate takeover of America to the beleaguered news anchor played by Peter Finch. For his part in Network, Beatty received his sole Academy nomination for Best Supporting Actor.

Beatty featured in the cult disaster comedy The Big Bus, added to the dense paranoia as the hitman Kinney in Mikey and Nicky by Elaine May, then embraced one of his most popular roles as Otis in Superman, the bumbling henchman of the arch-villain Lex Luthor. He was directed by John Huston in Wise Blood, by Steven Spielberg in the war comedy 1941, and by Joel Schumacher as the director made his theatrical debut with The Incredible Shrinking Woman.

In the late eighties he played the corrupt police captain in the neo-noir thriller The Big Easy, and had bit-parts in a number of spoof comedies including the Rodney Dangerfield vehicle Back to School. In 1991 he played the Irish tenor Josef Locke in the charming comedy Hear My Song, and was nominated for a Golden Globe. He subsequently featured in the screwball homage Radioland Murders and in the sports dramas Rudy and He Got Game.

In the meantime Beatty had steadily built his resume on television. From the mid-seventies he appeared in episodes of M*A*S*H, Gunsmoke, and every crime drama or police procedural running, including Kojak, The Rockford Files, Hawaii Five-O, and Murder, She Wrote. In 1979 he starred alongside Carol Burnett as a couple fighting for justice following the death of their son in Vietnam. Friendly Fire was watched on ABC by an audience of 64 million, and went on to win four Emmy Awards.

In 1985 he starred in the pilot of the rebooted anthology series Alfred Hitchcock Presents, and from 1989 he held the recurring role of Ed Conner in the hit sitcom Roseanne. Lead roles in the CBS projects Szysznyk and The Boys meanwhile petered out. Then between 1993 and 1995, Beatty made a major contribution to television as the gruff detective Stanley Bolander, one of the original leads in the gritty procedural Homicide: Life on the Street.

Ned Beatty returned to the role of Stanley Bolander for Homicide: The Movie in 2000. He reunited with Robert Altman as part of an ensemble cast in Cookie’s Fortune, starred opposite Liev Schreiber in the independent drama Spring Forward, and played the congressman Doc Long in the final film by Mike Nichols, the light biographical drama Charlie Wilson’s War.

In 2001, Beatty was back on stage under the guise of Big Daddy, in a West End revival of the Tennessee Williams play Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. When the revival moved to Broadway in 2003, Beatty and Margo Martindale drew praise for their performances, with Beatty in the words of The New York Times managing to convey ‘the monstrous, exhilarated egotism of a man who believes he has outrun death’.

He returned to television in episodes of CSI and Law & Order. Among his final film roles, Beatty played opposite Woody Harrelson in the police scandal drama Rampart, and assumed the villainous voice behind the plush pink teddy bear Lotso in Toy Story 3. Beatty was married four times with eight children, and marked his retirement from acting in 2013.

Novak Djokovic and Barbora Krejčíková Prevail on the Shifting Clay in France

Familiarity seemed to breed a certain strain of contempt at the French Open in 2021, as players swept aside the established norms even as spectators returned to the stands and Grand Slam tennis made a springtime comeback on the clay of Roland Garros.

The air of change was etched in stone prior to the start of the tournament, as for the first time in the modern history of Grand Slam tennis, world number one Novak Djokovic, world number three and thirteen-time French Open champion Rafael Nadal, and world number eight Roger Federer found themselves in the same side of the draw.

When Dominic Thiem continued his run of poor form by losing in the first round to Pablo Andújar, the French Open was guaranteed a new finalist from the bottom half of the men’s draw. In the shock of the opening day at Roland Garros, the reigning US Open champion and two-time runner-up in France suffered his worst performance to date at the tournament, falling in four sets to the talented 35-year-old Spanish underdog.

Stefanos Tsitsipas faced no such trouble as he opened his campaign with a comfortable victory over Jérémy Chardy, while Alexander Zverev was forced to come back from two sets down versus Oscar Otte. In the women’s draw, Victoria Azarenka outlasted the 2009 champion Svetlana Kuznetsova, Petra Kvitová rallied in three to beat the Belgian qualifier Greet Minnen, and Madison Keys weathered a second-set storm up against French wild card Océane Dodin.

If the drama was already beginning to take shape out on court, most of the controversy over the first few days at Roland Garros piled upon the shoulders of Naomi Osaka, following her decision to forgo the usual media obligations after citing concern for her mental health. In an Instagram post published a few days before the start of the tournament, Osaka explained

‘I’ve often felt that people have no regard for athletes mental health and this rings very true whenever I see a press conference or partake in one. We’re often sat there and asked questions that we’ve been asked multiple times before or asked questions that bring doubt into our minds and I’m just not going to subject myself to people that doubt me.’

In typical fashion, Osaka was tentatively describing her own mental state while serving to highlight some of the longstanding concerns around media duties and sports journalism. Post-match press conferences can sometimes be tetchy affairs, with tennis players sometimes bemoaning the short turnaround times and repetitive lines of questioning.

At the same time journalists remain part of an ecosystem which allows tennis to thrive and prosper on the world stage. As social media becomes the site of breaking news and seems to foster closer engagement with athletes, the press still has a role to play in summarising and analysing the sport, at its best forging empathy and understanding even as perceived arbiters of meaning are increasingly scorned by the wider public.

Tact and tone is often lacking, particularly when the emotions are still raw and players shorn of confidence post-match. Yet as Osaka indicated, she has always maintained a warm relationship with the press, who eagerly covered her series of tributes to the victims of racial injustice at the US Open last September.

Osaka’s statement was itself a call for change and understanding, which chafed so close to the onset of a major tournament. The Grand Slams collectively seemed more eager to placate journalists and sponsors when they issued a strongly-worded response, outlining the fines and the eventual prospect of disqualification which Osaka would face if she continued to decline her contractual obligation to meet with the press.

In the end, Osaka decided to withdraw from the French Open ahead of her scheduled second round match, expounding on her social anxiety and writing that she has suffered long bouts of depression since her breakthrough at the US Open in 2018. Her decision left the tournament without one of its star names and brightest talents, while gradually restoring focus to the tennis in France. Amid words of support from her fans and some of her peers, concrete discussions around mental health and the specifics of press conferences were put on hold, although following her example other players at the French Open already seemed more willing to speak out.

As the week progressed the big names continued to fall in the women’s draw. In the first round, the sixth seed Bianca Andreescu was edged out by the unheralded Slovenian Tamara Zidanšek, while 2016 champion and twelfth seed Garbiñe Muguruza was dispatched by the young Ukrainian Marta Kostyuk. Ahead of the second round, Petra Kvitová joined Osaka on the sidelines, ironically after suffering a freak fall at the end of a post-match press conference.

Tenth seed Belinda Bencic lost out to a resurgent Daria Kasatkina, and ninth seed Karolína Plíšková suffered the same fate at the hands of Sloane Stephens. When the top seed Ash Barty was forced to retire from her second round match against Magda Linette, the 20-year-old Polish star Iga Świątek was installed as the tournament favourite, her clay court prowess having carried her to a maiden Grand Slam at the pandemic-stricken French Open last October.

In the third round the hotly-tipped third seed Aryna Sabalenka succumbed to the all-court talents of Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, while fifth seed Elina Svitolina was dispatched by Barbora Krejčíková, who until recently was regarded as a doubles specialist. Pavyluchenkova and Krejčíková continued to show fine form in the fourth round, as they stretched past former Grand Slam champions Victoria Azarenka and Sloane Stephens.

When Serena Williams lost out at the same stage to Elena Rybakina, once more curtailing her quest for a record-tying twenty-fourth Grand Slam, the women’s draw began to look wildly unfamiliar. The Greek gladiator Maria Sakkari was experiencing something of a breakthrough as she battled past Elise Mertens then breezed beyond Sofia Kenin. Eight women remained, and in unprecedented scenes six of those women were celebrating their first time in the quarter-finals of a major.

The men’s draw was progressing more smoothly, with the plain sailing even extending to clay court antagonist Daniil Medvedev. In four appearances, the second seed had never stretched beyond the first round of the French Open, and earlier this season in Rome even pled for disqualification owing to his perennial dislike for clay. Now Medvedev seemed to be coming to terms with the red stuff, with Zverev and Tsitsipas also making light work of the bottom half of the draw, where they were joined at the quarter-final stage by the gallant Spaniard Alejandro Davidovich Fokina.

In the top half Rafa Nadal looked imperious, even easing past the Italian prospect Jannik Sinner. Novak Djokovic faced his first real test in the fourth round, where the 19-year-old Lorenzo Musetti cut a swathe through his opponent over two sets, only for Djokovic to prevail as Musetti floundered. That left Roger Federer as the last of the big names, and the great Swiss impressed over three rounds as he continued his comeback from two knee surgeries. Entering his third tournament in the past sixteen months, Federer faced stern challenges from Marin Čilić and Dominik Koepfer, coming through only to withdraw ahead of the fourth round as he set his gaze towards Wimbledon.

With some coronavirus measures still in place across France, the French Open this year cautiously welcomed back visitors. 5,000 fans were allowed on site until the second Wednesday of the tournament, when eased restrictions saw the number rise to 13,000. In turn Court Philippe Chatrier could host 1,000 spectators until France reached phase three of lockdown easing on 9 June, with the number climbing to 5,000 as the competition reached a climax.

Paris was also lingering under an evening curfew, which did nothing to prevent the debut of night matches. For the first time at Roland Garros, some of the biggest names in tennis were asked to play on Philippe Chatrier under starry skies and the glare of floodlights. But the evening curfew meant that no fans were in attendance until 9 June, when a solitary night session embraced spectators.

Serena Williams had kicked off the festivities with the first night match of the tournament, and Roger Federer played beyond midnight as he fought to overcome Koepfer in four sets. But when Novak Djokovic faced Matteo Berrettini in the quarter-finals in front of 5,000 fans, even the noise of the crowd became muted.

A few years older than his Italian compatriots Sinner and Musetti, the ninth seed Berrettini sought to capitalise on the exertions Musetti had put Djokovic through in the fourth round. Meanwhile the withdrawal of Federer had provided Berrettini with a few days of rest mid-tournament. Urged on by a partisan crowd, Berrettini took the third set against Djokovic and made a bright start to the fourth, when a revised 11 pm curfew forced organisers to clear the stands. The players returned to court after a twenty-minute delay and Djokovic regained the upper hand, breaking in the fourth to secure the victory.

Rafa Nadal waved goodbye to his 36-set winning streak at Roland Garros, as a typically game Diego Schwartzman snatched the second set of their quarter-final match. But Nadal prevailed in four to set up the anticipated semi versus Djokovic. In the other side of the draw, Daniil Medvedev regarded a job well done, hailing his progress on clay even as he lost out to Stefanos Tsitsipas. Alexander Zverev overpowered Alejandro Davidovich Fokina in the other quarter-final clash, and would meet Tsitsipas in a battle of the new generation.

Coco Gauff reached her first major quarter-final at the age of just 17 years old, after working her way past fellow seeds Jennifer Brady and Ons Jabeur. But in the quarters a first-set tiebreak proved decisive as the wily Krejčíková emerged as victor. Then Maria Sakkari blew the tournament wide open by defeating the heavy favourite Iga Świątek in two sets, managing to outmuscle and outmanoeuvre her young opponent.

Krejčíková and Sakkari met in a semi-final that suffered growing pains before emerging as an ironclad epic. Krejčíková edged ahead at the end of an era-strewn opening set, with Sakkari piling up the unforced errors while the Czech struggled with her backhand down the line. Through gritted teeth, Sakkari came back in the second and had match point in the third, only for Krejčíková to prevail with the final score reading 7-5, 4-6, 9-7. An erroneous line call on match point in the end only postponed Krejčíková’s victory, while renewing the clamour for Hawk-Eye technology even on the shifting clay of Roland Garros.

All four competitors in the women’s draw were marking their debut in a Grand Slam semi-final. Of the four, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova was by far the most experienced, having made the quarter-finals of a major six times previously. Her first Grand Slam quarter-final came at Roland Garros back in 2011. Ten years later she faced off in the semis against Tamara Zidanšek, and held her nerve to come through 7-5, 6-3.

In the battle of the Greek god and the teutonic German, it was Tsitsipas who took an early lead as he raced through the opening sets. Tsitsipas was a semi-finalist in France last year, mere weeks after Zverev finished runner-up at the US Open, with the emerging faces of the men’s game edging ever closer towards a Grand Slam title.

After winning seven straight games to take the second set, Tsitsipas allowed Zverev back into the match, and the German began to dominate on serve heading into the decider. Then the momentum shifted again, as Tsitsipas saved three break points in the first game of the fifth set, eventually taking five match points to cement the 6-3, 6-3, 4-6, 4-6, 6-3 victory.

The other men’s semi was the match everyone had been anticipating since the draw was announced. In seventeen appearances at Roland Garros, Rafa Nadal had only lost twice, showing an unprecedented level of dominance on his way to thirteen French Open titles. He faced the world number one Novak Djokovic, who defeated Rafa in the quarter-finals back in 2015 only to succumb to Stan Wawrinka in the final. Djokovic was therefore looking to add to his solitary success at the French, which came in 2016 versus Andy Murray.

Nadal got off to the best possible start as he went 5-0 up in the first set, but there were chinks of light for Djokovic before Nadal called a wrap at 6-3. Djokovic proceeded to wrest control of the match in stunning fashion. In one of the classic matches on clay and in this storied rivalry between two greats of the sport, Djokovic saved numerous break points in the second set then capitalised in the tiebreak at the end of the third, strolling away in the fourth set to claim a momentous 3-6, 6-3, 7-6 (7-4), 6-2 victory. While the match could have turned at points in the second and third set, on the cool evening clay Nadal’s groundstrokes struggled to penetrate the seamless defence of Djokovic.

A five-time Grand Slam champion in doubles competition, Barbora Krejčíková only entered the top 100 as a singles player following the French Open last year. In March she reached the final in Dubai, then at Strasbourg in May she won her first WTA singles title. Now in the final of the French Open she faced Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, one of the most consistent players of her generation, now also on the cusp of her first major singles glory.

The experience of both players told in what proved a cagey but never particularly anxious final. After sharing the first couple of sets, it was Krejčíková who crept ahead in the decisive third after Pavlyuchenkova sought treatment for a thigh injury. After squandering two match points at 5-3, Krejčíková quickly regained her composure, wrapping things up in her next service game to win 6-1, 2-6, 6-4

Adding to the lineage of Czech major winners, Krejčíková possesses enough depth and variety from the back of the court to thrive on any surface. She received the Coupe Suzanne Lenglen from the Czech-born tennis icon Martina Navratilova, and paid tribute in her victory speech to her former mentor Jana Novotná, who died at the age of 49 in 2017. Then on Sunday morning Krejčíková was at it again, teaming up with her longtime partner Kateřina Siniaková to score historic success in the women’s doubles. Defeating the duo of Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Iga Świątek, Krejčíková became the first woman to hold singles and doubles titles at Roland Garros since Mary Pierce in 2000.

After beating Nadal, it seemed like Novak Djokovic had completed much of the hard work. Instead Stefanos Tsitsipas took the first-set tiebreak in the men’s final at Roland Garros, and rolled through the second set to briefly appear on the verge of victory. Tsitsipas showed exceptional movement over the tricky red clay, unlike Nadal hitting the ball with a lot of topspin while also stepping up to the baseline, frequently succeeding in taking time away from his opponent.

As inevitable as the rising sun, Djokovic mounted a comeback. Working through any lingering fatigue, he began to target the Tsitsipas backhand, upped the consistency on his first serve, and chipped away at his opponent through a series of exquisite drop shots. When the tide turned in the third set, Djokovic threatened to ease his way to victory, but Tsitsipas showed great fighting spirit. After falling behind to an early break in the fifth set, he redoubled his efforts on serve to keep things competitive, but Djokovic proved too tough to crack and prevailed for a 6-7 (6-8), 2-6, 6-3, 6-2, 6-4 scoreline.

Djokovic therefore claimed his nineteenth Grand Slam title, just one behind the record held by Nadal and Federer. After victory at the Australian Open in February, he remains on course for a ‘Golden Slam’ of all four majors in one calendar year, which would place him on top of the all-time list. His second triumph at Roland Garros also makes him the only man in the Open Era to have won the Career Grand Slam twice, with at least two victories at all four majors.

Tsitsipas meanwhile broke his duck by progressing from a major semi-final at the fourth time of asking. Greece still awaits its first Grand Slam title, but Sakkari and Tsitsipas don’t intend to hang around and will hope to build swiftly on their success in Paris.

Letesenbet Gidey Topples the 10,000 Metre Record, While Hassan and Ingebrigtsen Shine In Florence

Athletics has hit the ground running at the start of an Olympic season, and at the end of a record-breaking week some of the most competitive matchups of the year so far were scheduled for the Diamond League in Florence. The Tuscan capital was home to the Golden Gala Pietro Mennea this year, with the Stadio Olimpico in Rome gearing up to host some of the matches at Euro 2020.

Femke Bol starred in the early going, as the 21-year-old Dutch athlete scored a national record and personal best with a time of 53.44 in the 400 metre hurdles. In only her second race over the hurdles this season, the steadily improving Bol reiterated her medal prospects in Tokyo, where she will be looking to squeeze in between the American trio of Sydney McLaughlin, Dalilah Muhammad, and Shamier Little.

Anzhelika Sidorova made a swift return to form in the women’s pole vault, bettering her rivals by 20 centimetres as she successfully scaled the bar at 4.91. The stack of Russians cleared to compete by World Athletics this season grew to 62 earlier in the week, with Sidorova sure to fill one of the ten slots afforded to neutral athletes come the Tokyo Olympics.

Meanwhile on the track the young Colombian contender Anthony Zambrano looked solid over 400 metres, while the Moroccan star Soufiane El Bakkali kicked comfortably away in his first steeplechase of the season.

Jasmine Camacho-Quinn holds the world lead in the 100 metre hurdles this season, her time of 12.32 at the Tom Jones Memorial in Florida in April tying her for seventh on the all-time list. She backed that performance up once more in Florence on Thursday, as her winning time of 12.38 broke a meeting record which had stood since 1980. In the 110 metre hurdles, Omar McLeod set a new world lead after narrowly missing out in Hengelo. His victory following a quick start and clean race in 13.01 swept past the previous best of 13.07 set by Grant Holloway.

At the Fanny Blankers-Koen Games in Hengelo last weekend, Sifan Hassan smashed the 10,000 metre world record. Aided by Wavelight technology, which acts as a pacemaker by lighting up the inside of the track, and by the latest in shoe design in the form of the controversial Nike ZoomX Dragonfly spikes, her time of 29:06.82 knocked more than ten seconds off the mark registered by Almaz Ayana in 2016.

Yet the track in Hengelo, historically kind to distance running, doubles as the venue for the Ethiopian trials, which took place on Tuesday night. So it was that Hassan’s record lasted little more than 48 hours, as Letesenbet Gidey lapped her compatriots in the very same venue to knock another five seconds off the mark, setting a new world record with a time of 29:01.03.

Gidey already boasts the 5000 metre world record, which she set in the Nike ZoomX Dragonfly spikes last October in Valencia. Following her successful outing over the longer distance, she now hopes to become the first woman to complete 10,000 metres under 29 minutes.

Her absence from the 5000 metres at the Ethiopian trials opened up the field, an opportunity more than grabbed by Gudaf Tsegay. On Tuesday night, Tsegay kicked away from her challengers over 5000 metres to come through in a time of 14:13.32, the fifth-fastest race in history. Ejgayehu Taye and Senbere Teferi finished behind her in 14:14.09 and 14:15.24, placing them sixth and seventh on the all-time list. It was the first time ever that three women had gone under 14:20 over 5000 metres.

Arriving in Florence, Sifan Hassan could have been forgiven for feeling tired or peeved. Instead she put on the afterburners and stormed to success over 1500 metres. Hassan will probably stick to the longer disciplines in Tokyo, but in Florence she set a huge meeting record and world lead, clearing the finish line in a time of 3:53.63. That pushed the reigning Olympic champion Faith Kipyegon down into second place, even as the Kenyan set a new personal best of 3:53.91. Laura Muir, sure to be competitive in Tokyo, was left languishing in third, but her time of 3:55.59 was still her second best performance ever over the distance.

The new format in the field continued to reap slim rewards, with the winner-takes-all approach to the sixth and final round encouraging caution rather than gung-ho spectacle. Tomas Walsh snatched victory as the order was reversed in the men’s shot, his throw of 21.47 in the final round good enough for first place even though it fell short of the earlier standards set by Leonardo Fabbri and Armin Sinancevic.

It was a similar story in the highly competitive women’s long jump, although Ivana Španović proved a popular winner as the Serbian athlete cements her comeback from injury. The drama came over the first five rounds, as reigning world champion Malaika Mihambo set the benchmark with a jump of 6.82, before Maryna Bekh-Romanchuk came through in typical fashion in the fifth round, edging out Chantel Malone to secure one of the top three places. In the sixth and final round however, Bekh-Romanchuk fouled and Mihambo scraped through the sand, allowing Španović to squeak the victory.

No such qualms in the vaulting events, which continue until the horizontal bar can longer stay upright. In the men’s high jump, the reliable Russian Ilya Ivanyuk won on countback over the Australian Brandon Starc and the Italian home favourite Gianmarco Tamberi, who with his half-beard and flowing blonde locks suitably roused the few thousand fans in attendance.

Back on the track, British hopeful Dina Asher-Smith stepped up in the 200 metres. Despite a solid field featuring former world medalists Marie-Josée Ta Lou, Dafne Schippers, and Mujinga Kambundji, there was nobody to really push her as she ran away in the home straight, finishing in 22.06, within three seconds of the world lead held by Shaunae Miller-Uibo.

All eyes in the men’s 5000 metres were on Joshua Cheptegei, the Ugandan world champion and double world record holder. Cheptegei set his world record over the distance last August in Monaco, and arrived in Florence hinting at a fast time. Instead in the shock of the night, he began to fade with a couple of laps still remaining, and it was the 20-year-old Norwegian Jakob Ingebrigtsen who made up the ground to duke it out with Hagos Gebrhiwet and Mohammed Ahmed.

The young Ingebrigtsen is the great hope of European distance running, but this was the first time he looked ready to really mix things with the best. For the first time in his brief career to date, he kicked past an elite field to finish in under 13 minutes. His winning time of 12:48.45 proved a major personal best, a world lead, and a European area record. With Mohamed Katir setting a Spanish record in fourth, and Justyn Knight of Canada also registering a new personal best, Cheptegei ended the race back in sixth position.

Credit: Susan Cobb, NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory

Despite the Pandemic, Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Hits Another Record High

Changing consumption patterns and reduced travel as nations closed their borders and citizens were forced to stay at home quickly led to lower levels of pollution during the early days of the coronavirus pandemic. By the middle of April 2020, global carbon dioxide emissions had decreased by 17 percent compared to mean levels for 2019.

Air pollution, which by World Health Organization estimates kills around seven million people each year, was particularly affected. In India between March and May of 2020, the major metropolises of Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Pune saw a 42 to 60 percent reduction in particulate matter and a 46 to 61 percent decrease in nitrogen dioxide, a potentially toxic air pollutant which can inflame the airways and exacerbate or even prompt respiratory diseases as it attacks the lungs.

The pattern was repeated worldwide. While there was little change in those places like Taipei and Rio de Janeiro which implemented few coronavirus restrictions, in New York and Milan nitrogen dioxide levels decreased by 30 to 40 percent during the early days of the pandemic, and in Wuhan the reduction even reached 60 percent.

Intense air pollution manifests as smog, a combination of nitrogen oxides with ground-level ozone and other airborne particles. In the Indian capital of Delhi, where the air quality index regularly reaches severe levels and even threatens to exceed the measurable scale, blue skies afforded rare perspectives on national landmarks like the India Gate.

Scientists cautioned however that the short-term decrease in global travel and industry was likely to have a limited impact on the steady buildup of atmospheric carbon. This week researchers from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States confirmed such impressions, reporting that the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached its highest since accurate measurements began 63 years ago.

Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere peaked in May, when they reached a monthly average of 419 parts per million. That represents a small increase on the figure of 417 parts per million which was recorded last year. Ralph Keeling, a geochemist at Scripps, whose father pioneered research into the rapid buildup of atmospheric carbon, said in a statement:

‘The ultimate control knob on atmospheric CO2 is fossil-fuel emissions. But we still have a long way to go to halt the rise, as each year more CO2 piles up in the atmosphere. We ultimately need cuts that are much larger and sustained longer than the COVID-related shutdowns of 2020.’

Atmospheric carbon dioxide is one of the primary greenhouse gases, which effectively serve to trap heat and increase the temperature on Earth. The highest average buildup typically occurs in May, before plants in the Northern Hemisphere begin to remove large quantities of carbon from the atmosphere. From autumn to spring, plants and soil in the Northern Hemisphere give off carbon dioxide, causing levels to rise.

In December the latest edition of the Emissions Gap Report was published by the United Nations. The report found that despite the drop in emissions caused by the coronavirus pandemic, the world remains on course for a temperature rise of 3.2 degrees Celsius by the end of the century, far in excess of the goals set out by the Paris Agreement.